NR511 WEEK 4 MIDTERM EXAM

Description

A patient reports to the office with “feeling of sand” in both eyes, blurry vision, burning and itching and complaint of foreign body sensation in both eyes. The physical exam reveals sensitivity to light and glossy appearance of the cornea. Based on the patient’s presentation and physical exam, what is the likely diagnosis?

Answers: A – D

1. Hordeolum internum
2. Dry eye syndrome
3. Chalazion
4. Conjunctivitis

Which of the following information about non-pharmacologic management should be included in parent teaching for a child with impetigo?

Answers: A – D

1. Gently wash lesions with soap and water to remove crusts ✅
2. Allow child to share towels to prevent skin maceration
3. Cover lesions with adhesive bandages to dry them out
4. Apply warm compresses followed by topical steroid

A 55-year-old patient presents to the primary care clinic with sudden, painless loss of vision in the right eye that started an hour ago. The patient denies trauma but has a history of hypertension and diabetes. The nurse practitioner identifies no abnormalities of the external eye on inspection, including no redness or discharge. What is the nurse practitioner’s next step?

Answers: A – D

1. Refer the patient to an ophthalmologist immediately
2. Start the patient on artificial tears and schedule a follow-up in one week
3. Advise the patient to monitor symptoms and return if they worsen
4. Prescribe antibiotic eye drops and reassess in 48 hours

A 70-year-old woman visits the audiology clinic for a hearing evaluation. She reports that over the past few years, she has noticed a gradual decrease in her ability to hear, particularly in noisy environments. She has difficulty understanding conversations, especially when multiple people are speaking at once. She also mentions that she often has to increase the volume on her television to hear clearly. The audiologist conducts a hearing test and notes a high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Which of the following is associated with presbycusis in this patient?

Answers: A – D

1. Age-related changes in the auditory system
2. Acute otitis media
3. Cerumen impaction
4. Exposure to loud noises

A patient presents with right eye pain accompanied by tearing, photophobia, mucoid discharge, and conjunctival hyperemia. Upon examination, the cornea appears cloudy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Answers: A – D

1. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
2. Keratitis ✅
3. Cataracts
4. Corneal abrasion

A patient presents with localized tenderness and redness at the eyelid margin, accompanied by internal swelling. Considering the symptoms described, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answers: A – D

1. Hordeolum
2. Blepharitis
3. Chalazion
4. Conjunctivitis

A patient with cataracts asks the nurse practitioner if taking vitamin E, vitamin C and beta-carotene can help in their treatment. What is the best response by the nurse practitioner?

Answers: A – D

1. There is no evidence to support the use of these supplements in the prevention or treatment of cataracts
2. There is some evidence that these vitamins may help slow the progression of cataracts, but they will not reverse them.
3. Taking too much vitamin E supplement can lead to macular degeneration
4. Vitamin C is the most effective of those supplements

In which part of the SOAP note would you include the diagnosis?

Answers: A – D

1. Subjective
2. Plan
3. Assessment
4. Objective

Which of the following best describes how HIV is most commonly transmitted worldwide?

Answers: A – D

1. Through casual contact, such as hugging and sharing utensils
2. Through airborne particles
3. Through unprotected sexual contact and sharing contaminated needles ✅
4. Through mosquito bites in regions with high HIV prevalence

A school-aged child has just completed treatment for pediculosis (lice). The parent calls the nurse practitioner and indicates that the treatment was not successful because the child is still reporting itching. What is the BEST response by the nurse practitioner?

Answers: A – D

1. “Itching following treatment indicates that the child was reinfested, therefore requiring treatment to be restarted”
2. “Itching is a sign of an allergic reaction, and therefore another medication will need to be prescribed”
3. “Itching following treatment is an indication that treatment failed, and retreatment must be initiated”
4. “Itching can persist for up to a week following successful treatment due to inflammation from the lice infestation”